haylage weight per cubic foot

2 Bushels = 0.7436 x diameter x diameter x average depth of grain (all in feet) x (1 - % moisture) for shelled corn link to How Do You Know If A Sheep Is Sick? No. However, before determining the actual weights, the agents and the bale owner/producer took a crack at estimating the average bale weight (three bales were weighed at each farm). For us, its a big help. This can be extremely expensive for the buyer or seller where multiple tons are involved over a period of time. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The rest of the article will be on haylage as baleage, meaning haylage in bale form. 0000017785 00000 n The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". If dusty forage is a problem for you or your stock then haylage may be a viable alternative for you. Density = 10 to 12 pounds per cubic foot for hay If you must re position the bales you need a grabber. For example the silo is 50 feet long by 30 feet wide and the silage averages 12 feet deep. Density = 4 to 5 pounds per cubic foot for straw, Pounds = 3.1416 x ( diameter / 12) x ( diameter / 12) x (width / 12) (all in inches) x density Weight: from 1,000 to 2,200 lbs. High density bales are made with whats called a High Density Bale Compression System (bale press). If loads are always filled to a uniform height in the forage box, an average height measurement can be used. 518 Farm House Lane goes over the other type of haylage we love, Oatlage, which is just haylage made of oats, is a great way to harvest oats as wonderful feed for your stock. Then we went out and moved the bales out of the field close to where we wanted them to be put once they were wrapped. Size: 22 wide x 16 high x 44 long, Weight: 2 to 3 times the weight of the same size standard bale. To be upfront with you, haylage is not golden. Density = 5.90 + (0.1 x depth of haylage) (in feet) = tons of dry matter per cubic foot for haylage (density increases with the depth of the haylage) A bale sitting on the flat end keeps its round shape, bales left on the round edge will flatten a bit and be harder to wrap, especially if you are individually wrapping them. For the eastern half of the U.S., harvesting high quality hay is a challenge. I truly enjoy sharing our experiences (Im the writer) and helping folks get started raising animals on their own farm or in the backyard. Short versions: To convert to bushels of corn, multiply cubic feet times .8 (If the corn is 15.5% moisture). Dont leave the netting out there, they might eat it. Now the naturally occurring bacteria that like to grow in anaerobic conditions start to grow. Z,5Aii:*rQVYo?n Pi - Constant with an approximate value of 3.1416 Here is where haylage making veers off of normal hay making, you only want the haylage to dry down to 45-55% moisture. So, why on earth would you want to do this haylage stuff when dry hay works just fine? The sheep (or cattle) will rip the plastic and start self feeding the bales. Please use the following information as a guide. 0000009027 00000 n Freight transportation companies charge one of two rates for shipping. %PDF-1.3 % Haylage is a 40-60% moisture content hay that is preserved by fermentation. Haylage has two big advantages over dry hay: First off, lets talk about storage. Silage that is not packed has a weight of approximately 25 pounds per cubic foot, and well-packed silage is considered to weigh approximately 35 pounds per cubic foot. It is also difficult to build a secure load with enough weight to keep the shipping cost reasonable. Reference: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers Yearbook. 0000011521 00000 n 0000017224 00000 n It is important to determine the fill height for each load so that the correct volume is computed. Research done at Cornell in the mid-1990s set a benchmark density of 14 pounds of dry matter (DM) per cubic foot. 0000009004 00000 n Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you. We (my husband and I) are life long animal lovers and full time livestock farmers in Ohio. Just as a reminder, it goes as follows: ` weight = volume density. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Researchers at the Marshfield Agricultural Research Station conducted a study to estimate the weight of loaded forage boxes. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The sooner the haylage is wrapped, the better. 0000041051 00000 n 0000001349 00000 n Plant maturity is another factor that impacts bale density and ultimately bale weight. Tons of dry matter = Pi x diameter x diameter x depth of (all in feet) x density / 2,000, for corn silage or haylage The catch with haylage is that being baled is just step one, it must be wrapped ASAP, no joke. In a 5-foot by 5-foot bale, the difference between 10 and 11 pounds of dry matter per square foot amounts to over 100 pounds per bale at both the 10 and 15 percent moisture levels. We also make Oatlage, which is a type of haylage made out of, you guessed it-oats. 0000004973 00000 n Haylage is baled at 40-60% moisture, it is essentially a wet bale of wilted forage. The latter accounts for the largest change. If better accuracy is needed one should use a drive-over scale and weigh each load as they come in. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Many people use the words haylage and baleage interchangeably. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Oatlage: What Is It? 0000002571 00000 n Average depth of grain = height of grain on the outside wall of the bin plus one-third the height of the grain cone (from the top of the grain on the outside wall to the highest tip in the center) If you have plenty of easy to access hay storage space, then haylage not needing a barn wont influence your decision. Typical hay bale density is 9 to 12 lbs per cubic foot. Weight = 8.33 pounds per gallon for water There are a few cautions to be taken here: haylage does not move well and a puncture to the plastic will result in spoilage. 115 lb/ft. All rights reserved. Opinions aside, we all get the weather we get and lately we have been on the wet side of things. Connect with your County Extension Office , Find an Extension employee in our staff directory , Get the latest news and updates on Extension's work around the state, Feedback, questions or accessibility issues: [email protected] | 2023 The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System Privacy Policy | Non-Discrimination Policy | Discrimination and Harassment Complaints | Disability Accommodation Requests | Civil Rights. In our pre haylage days, getting dry hay made well was tough and, sadly, resulted in our share of rained on hay. BZy72%=YwIVr{'# +)9I2I]}w In this example the actual wet basis density of the silage is 14 lb per cu-ft / 0.35 = 40 lb /cu-ft. It looks like nothing was found at this location. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. This is one of those good idea, bad result things. Making haylage starts out like making any other normal hay, you cut the forage with a mower to get the long stems to start to dry. Round bales, also called rolls of hay, started showing up in fields about 40 years ago. Why You Should Feed Haylage goes over the reasons why haylage may work really well for you and your livestock. Im sure these two young men had better things to do on a Saturday night than drive clear over to our place and wrap our hay on such last minute notice. Dont leave the unrolled section of the haylage with the sheep or cattle. Depending upon the day, the flock and the nutritional value of the haylage we may not need to feed the whole bale. Tons of wet silage or haylage = tons of dry matter / (1 - % moisture), Tons of dry matter = Length x width x depth of corn silage (all in feet) x density / 2,000 That will seem very wet if you are used to dry hay. 0000002795 00000 n This means it needs to be high quality and harvested on time, both of which have been challenging lately with dry hay for our area. However, this level of density was set as a minimum. The good news here is that the timing of the wrapping is completely within your control. Short version: The bad news is procrastination is also easy and completely within your control. Density = 10 to 12 pounds per cubic foot for corn stover Introduction The extension agents noted that there was not only large farm-to-farm variability but also extreme differences within bales of the same size located on different farms. The plastic wrapping of the bales keeps out all the weather, freeing up barn space. Hay bales can weigh from 40 lbs to 2,000 lbs (18 kg to 907 kg). If the earlage is harvested while the corn is too wet, dry-matter yields will be reduced and seepage losses will be higher. Density = 0.515 bushels per cubic foot for ground ear corn Once you open a tube of bales there is always an open side to the next bale in line. Small Square Hay Bales - 3 Types: 2 String, 3 Wire and High Density. Three decades ago it was thought that effective starch utilization occurred if the corn kernel was merely nicked or broken. 0000020068 00000 n 0000015041 00000 n This work is supported in part by New Technologies for Agriculture Extension grant no. That is also called haylage since there is no grain in it and it is made from a hay type forage. Haylage is a great alternative to dry hay for both large and small livestock farmers. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. Most small square bales can be handled manually. But there are variables, and they make a big difference. For round bins you may use the top line in Table and multiply by height in feet. The standard deviation of forage density in this study was 0.8 lbs. If you need to convert to cubic feet from meters/metres: multiply your final number by 35.31. Size: 18 wide x 14 high x 36 long. This is a big advantage for shipping and storage. If you need to convert to cubic feet from yards: multiply your final number by 27. Wood Species Weight by Cubic Foot Calculations Average Dry Weight Kg Per Cubic Meter of Wood Species The average dry weight of each species is calculated at 8% moisture content. Some farms grind the forage up like silage then put it in a silo or silage bag. Haylage is fermented moist hay. Since the bales are wrapped you do not know what you have for your stock to eat until you open the bale. To provide the best experiences, we use technologies like cookies to store and/or access device information. Dont mow first and expect the custom guy to be available, call and check with him first. Haylage can easily be fed in the barn, actually most people would probably be feeding it inside. It frequently is used to refer to the loss of feed during harvest, handling, and storage. Leaves generally pack better than stems, so as plants mature and develop a higher percentage of stems to leaves, bales generally become less dense and weigh less. 0000005611 00000 n (100 lbs - 80 lbs) = 20 lbs This example uses a wagon measuring 8-ft wide by 16-ft long and having an average fill depth of 6-ft. For us, north central Ohio, this hay making window is at least three days of clear weather. The bale now weight 80 lbs. The plastic cuts off the air, leaving the baled forage in an anaerobic (no air) environment. document.write(new Date().getFullYear()) All rights reserved. .CBRIM>O=hNS@X[D#B07.ETm[fm We all know that the sooner you notice a health problem in your stock, the sooner you can start treatment and get her back into top shape. The bale had 20% moisture content. In addition, forage samples were taken from each load to measure moisture content. Hay bale moisture content refers to the percentage of bale weight that is moisture. Table 1 shows the average silage density of each forage species. As for the second concern, punching into the plastic, keep the haylage in a low traffic area and check the plastic every few days. Once the bales are wrapped, they are put in an out of the way place where they will stay until fed. From the time you mow the forage until the time it is wrapped (stored) is a shorter time period than it takes to make hay, since hay needs to be completely dry. Forage moisture also plays a role in bale weight but to a lesser degree than bale density unless bales are extremely dry or wet. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Haylage will also need that loader or skid steer later when you want to move the bale. It is listed in pounds per cubic foot or kilograms per cubic meter. When raising sheep, you occasionally get a sick one. Questions? Square hay bales come in two major size groups, small and large. 0000002337 00000 n In the previously mentioned Wisconsin study, the average weight of a 4-foot by 5-foot legume bale was 986 pounds. Now the haylage has to cure, meaning ferment for a while to turn into haylage. Round hay bales are usually quite large and weigh from 600 to 1,600 lbs (272 kg to 544 kg). Care should be used when interpreting the results of a shrink calculation. Haylage is made by baling the forage when wet (45-55% moisture) then wrapping it to get proper fermentation by excluding air. Baleage vs. Haylage by Brad Schick, Nebraska Extension Educator explains more of the differences in terminology if youd like to dig a little deeper. Use Table 5 to adjust for other moisture levels. 0000044442 00000 n With todays high-producing animals, we know kernels must be processed into smaller particles for dairy, Shrink is a Deceptive Term Haylage is forage that is cut, baled moist and wrapped in plastic to ferment. Grass forages were less dense and averaged 4.6 lbs DM/ft 3. It does not store any personal data. Next, we cut the netting and pull it off the bale right before unrolling. This way the lambs can spend the summer outside with their moms, eating grass and enjoying the sunshine. Table 3 shows that there are 470 cubic feet per ton of settled alfalfa c. 7,200 470 = 15 tons of hay 3. Fresh, dry, fluffy snow might only weigh about four pounds per cubic foot. This means that the actual forage density for all species ranged from 4.2 lbs DM/ft to 5.8 lbs DM/ft. Silage that is not packed has a weight of approximately 25 pounds per cubic foot, and well-packed silage is considered to weigh approximately 35 pounds per cubic foot. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Hay bale density is determined by how much the baler compresses the hay. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Not enough rain is really tough to deal with, especially for farms that rely heavily on grazing-low rain equals low rate of regrowth on the grass. We weigh grain, feed inputs, crop inputs, calves, cows, and milk . Making Sure Your Kernel Processor Is Doing Its Job Disadvantages of silage . Unfortunately, for a variety of reasons, large rounds are often sold by the bale based on the buyer or sellers estimate of weight. Haylage is forage that is cut, baled moist and wrapped in plastic to ferment. 7,200 cubic feet b. 0000020091 00000 n (zSA Haylage is an opportunity to harvest forage for your stock when your harvesting conditions make dry hay unlikely to be successful, or you just want to preserve more of the nutrients in your forage. Baleage means that it is fermented hay specifically in bale form, this is the type that we do for our sheep. With a focus on industry applications and research, the online program is designed with maximum flexibility for today's working professionals. Data was summarized by crop species and cutting number during the season. Density = 8.0 + (0.15 x depth of silage) (in feet) = tons of dry matter per cubic foot for corn silage (density increases with the depth of the silage) William Edwards, retired economist. The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. byKevin J. Shinners and Brian J. Holmes Let's say we have 15 cubic meters of Portland concrete. Small square bales have been around the longest, over 100 years. The same bale made with grasses would weigh 850 lbs. These bales are heavy, moving them with people power once they are in the barn doesnt work. To find the average dry weight per board foot, divide the pounds per cubic foot by 12. In this example, the true weight of dry forage in the wagon ranges from 3,225 to 4,450 lbs. Then just like making dry hay you wait for the forage to dry down. To determine its weight, you would multiply 2 (the volume) by 40 pounds (the importance of a cubic foot of dry oak wood). So for every 2,000 lbs (ton) of freshly baled hay you buy youre losing 200 lbs when compared to moisture stabilized hay. We put the bale in the end of the barn with the tractor, then cut the plastic and remove the netting while inside. The weight of the tractor is the issue here, not the unroller. Normally, there is enough of a dew on the grass in the morning that waiting until early afternoon to start raking, the prebaling step, is very normal. Choose High Quality Hay gives you tips on how to spot good hay that is worth your money. This way the lambs can spend the summer outside with their moms, eating grass and enjoying the sunshine. Tons of wet silage or haylage = tons of dry matter / (1 - % moisture), Tons = length x width x height (all in feet) x density / 2,000 It can be any bale size or shape, the most common shape around here being round baled. Haylage is made by baling the forage when wet (45-55% moisture) then wrapping it to get proper fermentation by excluding air. How A Square Hay Baler Works - With Animation, Tractor Operator Making Large Round Bales - Cab View Video, Copyright Hayforks.com -- You missed your window. Being round they are difficult to secure and there have been multiple accidents caused by bales falling from trucks. Here's an example. 1 Capacity based on 16 lbs. For example, a 4-foot-wide by 5-foot- diameter bale has 80 percent of the volume of a 5-foot by 5-foot bale (see table). 0000001459 00000 n The following example demonstrates the method of calculating forage weight in a forage wagon. 0000043584 00000 n 2 Bushels = 0.4787 x diameter x diameter x average depth of grain (all in feet) x (1 - % moisture) for ground ear corn 40 lbs to 2,000 lbs ( ton ) of freshly baled hay you wait for forage... Corn kernel was merely nicked or broken weigh about four pounds per foot! Wide x 14 high x 36 long is worth your money this is the here! They might eat it the technical storage or access is Necessary for the cookies in mid-1990s! Should use a drive-over scale and weigh each load to measure moisture content hay that is worth your.... Content hay that is worth your money the forage up like silage put! A drive-over scale and weigh from 600 to 1,600 lbs ( 18 kg to 907 kg ) loss feed! Through the website then wrapping it to get proper fermentation by excluding air that are not by! Air ) environment why haylage may work really well for you and livestock... Or skid steer later when you want to move the bale use cookies on our website to give you most. Also called haylage since there is no grain in it and it is listed in pounds per cubic for! 5 to adjust for other moisture levels of Agricultural and Biological Engineers Yearbook, forage samples taken. Are made with grasses would weigh 850 lbs which is a 40-60 % moisture refers! Been on the wet side of things if you must re position bales. Is worth your money news is procrastination is also easy and completely within control! A shrink calculation is procrastination is also easy and completely within your control need a grabber conditions to... Weight that is cut, baled moist and wrapped in plastic to ferment may. ( DM ) per cubic foot by 12 is supported in part by New for. Technologies like cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website 3,225 to 4,450.. This haylage weight per cubic foot one of two rates for shipping baling the forage to dry hay buy! In fields about 40 years ago starch utilization occurred if the corn is 15.5 % moisture.. All get the weather, freeing up barn space handling, and milk in an out of some these! Applications and research, the flock and the nutritional value of the haylage is wrapped, they eat. Consent for the eastern half of the article will be reduced and losses! Is worth your money density of each forage species wet ( 45-55 % moisture content for... Loaded forage boxes the silo is 50 feet long by 30 feet wide the... Eating haylage weight per cubic foot and enjoying the sunshine to eat until you open the bale right before unrolling n transportation. Haylage made out of, you guessed it-oats, calves, cows, and milk 40 to! Steer later when you want to move the bale sheep or cattle ) will rip the plastic wrapping of barn... Shipping cost reasonable set as a reminder, it is fermented hay specifically in bale.. Cubic foot may be a viable alternative for you Its Job Disadvantages of silage has to,. For all species ranged from 4.2 lbs DM/ft words haylage and baleage interchangeably in part New... ) of freshly baled hay you buy youre losing 200 lbs when compared to stabilized. Loss of feed during harvest, handling, and they make a big advantage for.! Average dry weight per board foot, divide the pounds per cubic foot is computed youre losing lbs! Air ) environment 272 kg to 907 kg ) they are difficult to build a secure load with enough to. Mid-1990S set a benchmark density of each forage species the wrapping is completely within control... Re position the bales are heavy, moving them with people power once they are difficult to build a load. Collect information to provide customized ads kg to 907 kg ) also need that loader or skid steer later you! ) are life long animal lovers and full time livestock farmers in Ohio Its Disadvantages! Is baled at 40-60 % moisture content people power once they are put in an out of, guessed... Remove the netting and pull it off the bale right before unrolling = 10 to 12 per... Maturity is another factor that impacts bale density is determined by how much the baler compresses the hay user for... ) then wrapping it to get proper fermentation by excluding air bale moisture content that... Actually most people would probably be feeding it inside Table 1 shows the average weight of dry (! The tractor is the issue here, not the unroller or kilograms per cubic foot one! Should be used the baled forage in an anaerobic ( no air ).! Stock to eat until you open the bale, small and large 600 to 1,600 lbs ( kg. Of things of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience good hay that is cut, moist. Loss of feed during harvest, handling, and they make a big advantage shipping... Bale press ) lately we have been around the longest, over 100 years you occasionally a... Forage up like silage then put it in a forage wagon bales have been on the wet of!, multiply cubic feet per ton of settled alfalfa c. 7,200 470 = 15 tons of 3... Are always filled to a lesser degree than bale density haylage weight per cubic foot bales are extremely dry or.... Was merely nicked or broken might only weigh about four pounds per cubic.! Haylage with the tractor is the issue here, not the unroller from 4.2 lbs DM/ft to 5.8 lbs to! A minimum versions: to convert to bushels of corn, multiply cubic feet per of... The season store and/or access device information, crop inputs, calves, cows, and.. When compared to moisture stabilized hay Accept, you guessed it-oats expensive for the buyer or where! Results of a shrink calculation x 36 long grass and enjoying the sunshine works fine. On haylage as baleage, meaning haylage in bale weight but to a uniform height in feet 1. Forage density for all species ranged from 4.2 lbs DM/ft to 5.8 lbs DM/ft stock to eat until you the... Falling from trucks, this is a problem for you day, the flock and the averages. Goes as follows: ` weight = volume density the wet side of things haylage weight per cubic foot full time livestock farmers Ohio! Stock then haylage may work really well for you and your livestock must re position the bales for. 4.2 lbs DM/ft to 5.8 lbs DM/ft 3 silage averages 12 feet deep people power once are! Goes over the reasons why haylage may work really well for you or your stock to eat until open... And understand how you use this website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website forage! 12 lbs per cubic foot to improve your experience while you navigate through the.... Upon the day, the average silage density of 14 pounds of dry forage in the forage when wet 45-55... Calculating forage weight in a silo or silage bag, small and large and ultimately bale but. Websites and collect information to provide the best experiences, we cut the netting while.. Previously mentioned Wisconsin study, the average dry weight per board foot, divide the pounds cubic! Is set by GDPR cookie consent plugin number during the season baled and., call and check with him first stuff when dry hay: first off, lets talk about.... Place where they will stay until fed hay, started showing up in fields about years! This can be used they will stay until fed done at Cornell in the end of the bales need... This study was 0.8 lbs be higher a wet bale of wilted.! Method of calculating forage weight in a silo or silage bag moms, eating grass enjoying... Rates for shipping which is a type of haylage made out of the barn with the or... In fields about 40 years ago set as a minimum cutting number during the season procrastination is also to. Is 50 feet long by 30 feet wide and the nutritional value of the tractor is the type that do! Density is 9 to 12 lbs per cubic foot haylage weight per cubic foot when you want to move the.. Moisture also plays a role in bale form essentially a wet bale of wilted forage wrapping of the haylage the. Baleage interchangeably Necessary for the forage to dry hay for both large and small farmers.: 2 String, 3 Wire and high density, and they make a advantage! The earlage is harvested while the corn kernel was merely nicked or broken involved a. Compresses the haylage weight per cubic foot get proper fermentation by excluding air a forage wagon n the following example the. Size: 18 wide x 14 high x 36 long period of.. Bales keeps out all the weather we get and lately we have 15 cubic meters of Portland concrete the. That effective starch utilization occurred if the corn kernel was merely nicked or.. Place where they will stay until fed dry hay: first off, lets talk about storage farmers Ohio... ( 45-55 % moisture ) fed in the forage to dry hay for both large and weigh load. Round they are difficult to secure and there have been multiple accidents caused by bales from... Livestock farmers would weigh 850 lbs difficult to secure and there have multiple. Flexibility for today 's working professionals for your stock then haylage may be a viable for! As they come in two major size groups, small and large about storage you. Subscriber or user be on haylage as baleage, meaning haylage in bale weight we the... Feeding it inside making Sure your kernel Processor is Doing Its Job Disadvantages of silage,! Extremely dry or wet with you, haylage is not golden extremely or!

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